A liquid called ‘bile’ is produced in the liver of the body to assist digestion of fats This liquid is stored in gallbladder till it is needed for fat digestion. The gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile into the common bile duct to carry it to the small intestine where the digestion takes place.
The bile stored in the gallbladder may harden and become stone-like pieces, which are called gallstones. The bile contains water, cholesterol, fats, bile salts, proteins and bilirubin. Bilirubin gives the bile yellow color and the color of the stool is also due to bilirubin. Bile salts breaks up fats. However, under certain circumstances, the bile may contain too much of bile salts or bilirubin or cholesterol that hardens the bile into stones.
Gall Stones are of two types: the Cholesterol Stones and Pigment Stones. The hardened cholesterol are yellow-green and named as cholesterol stones. Generally this type of gallstones is found to be of 80 percent.
Pigment Stones are made up of bilirubin and are small, dark stones. They may be small like sands or as large as golf ball. There may be one large stone or hundreds of small and tiny stoes or a combination of both.
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